Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Advances in the research of nano delivery systems in ischemic stroke

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.984424

Figure Lengend Snippet: Treatment of ischemic stroke with nanoparticles.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic nanoparticles, composed of natural platelet (PLTs) membranes, L-arginine and γ-Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanoparticles (PAMNS), have been used for thrombus targeted transport of L-arginine and in situ formation of nitric oxide (NO) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Advances in the research of nano delivery systems in ischemic stroke

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.984424

Figure Lengend Snippet: Left: Illustration of Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles formation and salvation of damaged neurons in ischemic brain. a) Scheme of the prepa-ration process of Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles. b) Illustration of Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) therapy for the rescue of ischemic penumbra. Coating with macrophage cell membrane increased the accumulation of Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles in the damaged brain. Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) could protect damaged neurons by consuming ROS, generating O2 and regulating proinflammatory microenvironment through promoting the phenotypic transition of microglia. Right: The pharmacokinetic behavior, targeting capability, and the rapeutic effect of as-prepared nanomedicine in vivo. a) The pharmacokinetic profiles of FTY after intravenous injection of free FTY and Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles with an equal FTY dose of 1.5 mg kg−1 . Data are presented as means ± SD, n = 3. b) The pharmacokinetic profiles of MnO 2 after intravenous injection of Ma@MnO2 and Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles at an equal MnO2 dose of 3 mg kg-1. Results are reported as means ± SD, n = 3. c) The targeting results of Ma@(MnO2 +FTY) nanoparticles to the ischemic brain, where fluorescence intensity in ischemic brain was observed at different times after injection of labeled nanoparticles. d) The infarct area of tMCAO/R rats treated with different drugs, monitored by MRI at 24 h post reperfusion. e) The rescue ability of nanoparticles on ischemic penumbra, brain sections were stained with TTC. f) The quantified results of TTC staining. Data are presented as means ± SD, n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic nanoparticles, composed of natural platelet (PLTs) membranes, L-arginine and γ-Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanoparticles (PAMNS), have been used for thrombus targeted transport of L-arginine and in situ formation of nitric oxide (NO) ( ).

Techniques: Membrane, In Vivo, Injection, Fluorescence, Labeling, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Advances in the research of nano delivery systems in ischemic stroke

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.984424

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of PNP-PA design and its characterization. a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of PNP-PA nanoparticles. Briefly, the membrane of platelets (scale bar, 1 μm), acquired from the whole blood of mice, were used to coat the outside of the PLGA cores (scale bar, 400 nm). rt-PA was subsequently conjugated via –SH groups onto the surface of the platelet membrane to form PNP‐PA (PMV, PMVs; scale bar, 400 nm). b) The proposed mechanism of action of PNP-PA in thrombolysis. PNP‐PA specifically targeted to the thrombus site selectively dissolves the fibrin clot. c) Immunogold staining of CD41 and CD62p on PNP‐PA. Briefly, 10 μL PNP‐PA (1 mg mL‐1 ) solution was dropped onto ultrathin copper grids, incubated for 0.5 h at room temperature and then removed. The copper grids were next washed with PBS containing 1% BSA and 50 × 10-9 m glycine. 10 μL IgG, anti-CD41 or anti-CD62p antibody (0.5 mg mL‐1) were next dropped onto the copper and incubated for 30 min at room temperature and then blocked with 1% BSA for 15 min. The samples were incubated with 10 μL immunogold conjugate anti-Fc antibody (10 nm) containing 1% BSA for another hour. Finally, the samples were fixed with 1% glutaraldehyde for 5 min and stained with 10 μL 1% uranyl acetate for another 5 min and observed by TEM. d) Preservation of the platelet membrane proteins and e) intracellular proteins detected in PNP-PA and PMV. f) Western blot analysis of CD41, CD62p, CD61, IL‐1β, and GAPDH in platelets, PNP-PA and RNP-PA.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic nanoparticles, composed of natural platelet (PLTs) membranes, L-arginine and γ-Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanoparticles (PAMNS), have been used for thrombus targeted transport of L-arginine and in situ formation of nitric oxide (NO) ( ).

Techniques: Membrane, Staining, Incubation, Preserving, Western Blot